Numbering Kogo-sho Exhibits, the General Idea
In Japanese civil cases, documentary evidence is usually numbered and organized. This page only describes the general idea of how numbers are assigned. The specific format and practice are set by your court and lawyer, and how to prepare the documents themselves is outside its scope.
Not legal advice. This page is general information. Whether a court admits or relies on a chat is for the court; convokeep does not promise admission or any outcome. Ask a qualified lawyer about your case.
What is a kogo-sho?
In general, in Japanese civil litigation, documentary evidence submitted by the plaintiff is called "Kō No. X" (kogo-sho) and that submitted by the defendant "Otsu No. X" (otsugo-sho), to tell them apart.
How are the numbers assigned?
Generally, serial numbers are given in the order of submission, such as "Kō 1" and "Kō 2". When there are many documents of the same kind, branch numbers such as "Kō 4-1" and "Kō 4-2" are used. Follow the guidance of the court and lawyer handling your case for the actual format and practice.
How would I number a LINE chat?
Whether you number a whole chat room as one unit or add branch numbers by period depends on the case and the approach of the person handling it. Page numbers and dates in the PDF make it easier to point later to "which page, what time".
What format should it be submitted in?
For how to submit data, for example, check the court's guidance and your lawyer. This page does not guarantee any format.
How can convokeep help?
A Record PDF carries page numbers and dates and times, so it can help with organizing before you assign numbers. Whether it is admitted is for the court.
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Related guides
- Keeping LINE chats as evidence
- Using LINE chat history as evidence
- What a hash value does and does not tell you
- How to print a LINE chat
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